What Is a Turbine Gearbox? | Lubripedia

A turbine gearbox is a mechanical drive system that adjusts the rotational speed of a turbine shaft to match that of the generator or driven equipment.
Because turbines typically operate at very high speeds, a gearbox is required to reduce or increase this speed for efficient and reliable power transmission.

Turbine gearboxes are commonly found in steam turbines, gas turbines, and wind turbines.


What does a Turbine Gearbox do?

The gearbox converts the high rotational speed of the turbine into a lower (or sometimes higher) speed suitable for the generator.
It does this using precision gear sets, which are designed to:

  • Withstand high loads and rotational speeds
  • Transmit torque efficiently
  • Minimise vibration and noise
  • Turbine gearboxes are high-precision components, built with tight tolerances and designed for continuous operation

They require reliable lubrication and cooling to function properly.


Importance of Lubrication and Maintenance:

Proper lubrication is critical to the performance and longevity of a turbine gearbox.
Lubricating oil:

  • Reduces friction between gear teeth and bearings
  • Removes heat generated during operation
  • Protects surfaces from wear and corrosion
  • Suspends and carries away contaminants

Most turbine gearboxes use circulating oil systems with built-in filtration — often combined with offline (kidney loop) filtration — to maintain oil cleanliness and prevent failure.


Typical Applications:

  • Steam turbines in power generation
  • Gas turbines in industrial or aviation use
  • Wind turbines for renewable energy
  • Compressors and industrial drive systems